{"id":959,"date":"2019-12-28T10:56:51","date_gmt":"2019-12-28T10:56:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/?page_id=959"},"modified":"2019-12-28T10:56:51","modified_gmt":"2019-12-28T10:56:51","slug":"civilians","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/ibdp-history\/107-2\/civilians\/","title":{"rendered":"Civilians"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Women<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-columns has-1-columns has-desktop-equal-layout has-tablet-equal-layout has-mobile-equal-layout has-default-gap has-vertical-unset\" id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-columns-23080703\" style=\"border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;border-radius:0px;justify-content:unset\"><div class=\"wp-themeisle-block-overlay\"><\/div><div class=\"innerblocks-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-column\" id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-column-08a62c31\" style=\"border-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000000;border-radius:0px\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.striking-women.org\/module\/women-and-work\/world-war-i-1914-1918\">Women in the First World War<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iwm.org.uk\/history\/12-things-you-didnt-know-about-women-in-the-first-world-war\">Imperial War Museum<\/a><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Sustaining Total War - Women in World War One I THE GREAT WAR\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/7cVSjzuvThE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Served as nurses, spies and mechanics!<\/li><li>Women were either forced or conscripted to join the war effort.<\/li><li>In Britain, 200 000 worked in government departments, 500 000 in clerical positions, 700 000 in the <strong>munitions factories<\/strong> and 250 000 in agriculture. <\/li><li>This was replicated in other countries such as Russia, Austria and France. <\/li><li>But not so in Germany because of the strength of the <strong>trade unions<\/strong>. This could be a factor in Germany losing the war. <\/li><li>Munition factory workers worked in unhealthy conditions, sometimes called <strong>canaries <\/strong>because the sulphur made their skin yellow. <\/li><li>But <strong>women did not fight in most armies<\/strong>. The <strong>Russian Army was different<\/strong>, however, with battalions raised of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.warhistoryonline.com\/world-war-i\/womens-battalion-death-russias-wwi-female-forces-mm.html\">women<\/a> from 1917 onwards. The Serbian army had women too but not the same number. <\/li><li>Women were on the frontline and became casualties as a result. They were usually involved in <strong>medicine<\/strong> (nurses and ambulance) but also helped with logistics too. <\/li><li>At home, women were also instrumental in pressuring men to fight. The giving of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.firstworldwar.com\/atoz\/whitefeathers.htm\"><strong>white feather<\/strong><\/a> was key in this.<\/li><li>As a result of women&#8217;s efforts during the First World War, many received the right to vote. However, in Britain it was limited to thirty years of age only whereas for men it was twenty-one. But they fared better in Russia, Germany, Poland and the USA between 1918-20 as they were given<strong> equal suffrage<\/strong>. <\/li><li>Women also changed socially. Some were able to gain <strong>careers after the war<\/strong> which were previously inaccessible. Fashion changed too with some having their hair short. <\/li><li>However, societies <strong>still saw women&#8217;s role as mothers<\/strong> and it was many decades before they were earning similar money to men and accepted into senior roles in society. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Arts <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.latimes.com\/entertainment\/arts\/la-xpm-2012-jul-21-la-et-cm-world-war-art-20120722-story.html\">Art changed by the First World War<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iwm.org.uk\/history\/6-stunning-first-world-war-artworks-by-women-war-artists\"><em>6 STUNNING FIRST WORLD WAR ARTWORKS<\/em>&nbsp;BY WOMEN WAR ARTISTS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iwm.org.uk\/history\/11-incredible-german-first-world-war-posters\"><em>11 INCREDIBLE<\/em>&nbsp;GERMAN FIRST WORLD WAR POSTERS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net\/article\/art\">Encyclopedia of the First World War &#8211; Art<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Germany<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.vlib.us\/wwi\/resources\/jrenglishversion.html\">WWI German Front<\/a> &#8211; Primary Source<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/histclo.com\/mat\/rat\/cou\/ger\/ww1-ratg.html\">The Homefront and Rationing World War I: Germany<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prezi.com\/qreifyu91ayu\/total-war-and-its-social-and-economic-impact-on-civilians-in-germany-during-ww1\/\">Student Prezi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Starving For Total War - Turnip Winter 1916 I THE GREAT WAR Special\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/n_x8MctdDBo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net\/article\/pressjournalism_germany\">Press and Censorship in Germany<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Russia <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/worldwars\/wwone\/eastern_front_01.shtml\">War and Revolution in Russia 1914 \u2013 1921<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net\/article\/war_losses_russian_empire\">War Losses (Russian Empire)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.history.ac.uk\/reviews\/review\/491\">Russia\u2019s First World War. A Social and Economic History<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iwm.org.uk\/history\/rationing-and-food-shortages-during-the-first-world-war\">RATIONING AND FOOD SHORTAGES DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Britain<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/bitesize\/guides\/ztx66sg\/revision\/3\">Domestic impact of World War One &#8211; society and culture<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Other Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/media\/EwCMZ2BXMAEyVoF?format=jpg&amp;name=large\" alt=\"Image\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Q. How do you think the falling GDP affected civilians during the war?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net\/article\/enemy_aliens_and_internment\">Enemy Aliens and Internment<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/world\/world-history\/history-of-the-first-world-war-in-100-moments\/history-first-world-war-100-moments-britain-s-enemy-aliens-get-their-own-railway-9334403.html\">The First World War in 100 Moments<\/a> &#8211; Britain&#8217;s Enemy Aliens<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net\/article\/civilian_morale?_=1&amp;slideshow=1&amp;media=File%3APlunderwurst+IMG.jpg\">Civilian Morale in the First World War<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Women Women in the First World War Imperial War Museum Served as nurses, spies and mechanics! Women were either forced or conscripted to join the war effort. In Britain, 200 000 worked in government departments, 500 000 in clerical positions, 700 000 in the munitions factories and 250 000 in agriculture. This was replicated in &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/ibdp-history\/107-2\/civilians\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Civilians&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":107,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-959","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=959"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/959\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/107"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/igbis.edu.my\/the-past-changes-a-little-every-time-we-retell-it\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}